Properties介绍
Properties基本使用
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public class PropertiesDemo01 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//创建集合对象
// Properties<String,String> prop = new Properties<String,String>(); //错误
Properties prop = new Properties();
//存储元素
prop.put("itheima001", "佟丽娅");
prop.put("itheima002", "赵丽颖");
prop.put("itheima003", "刘诗诗");
//遍历集合
Set<Object> keySet = prop.keySet();
for (Object key : keySet) {
Object value = prop.get(key);
System.out.println(key + "," + value);
}
}
}
特有方法
方法名 | 说明 |
---|---|
Object setProperty(String key, String value) | 设置集合的键和值,都是String类型,底层调用 Hashtable方法 put |
String getProperty(String key) | 使用此属性列表中指定的键搜索属性 |
Set | 从该属性列表中返回一个不可修改的键集,其中键及其对应的值是字符串 |
示例代码
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public class PropertiesDemo02 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//创建集合对象
Properties prop = new Properties();
//Object setProperty(String key, String value):设置集合的键和值,都是String类型
prop.setProperty("itheima001", "佟丽娅");
prop.setProperty("itheima002", "赵丽颖");
prop.setProperty("itheima003", "刘诗诗");
//String getProperty(String key):使用此属性列表中指定的键搜索属性
// System.out.println(prop.getProperty("itheima001"));
// System.out.println(prop.getProperty("itheima0011"));
// System.out.println(prop);
//Set<String> stringPropertyNames():从该属性列表中返回一个不可修改的键集,其中键及其对应的值是字符串
Set<String> names = prop.stringPropertyNames();
for (String key : names) {
// System.out.println(key);
String value = prop.getProperty(key);
System.out.println(key + "," + value);
}
}
}
和IO流结合的方法
方法名 | 说明 |
---|---|
void load(Reader reader) | 从输入字符流读取属性列表(键和元素对) |
void store(Writer writer, String comments) | 将此属性列表(键和元素对)写入此 Properties表中,以适合使用 load(Reader)方法的格式写入输出字符流 |
示例代码
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public class PropertiesDemo03 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
//把集合中的数据保存到文件
// myStore();
//把文件中的数据加载到集合
myLoad();
}
private static void myLoad() throws IOException {
Properties prop = new Properties();
//void load(Reader reader):
FileReader fr = new FileReader("myOtherStream\\fw.txt");
prop.load(fr);
fr.close();
System.out.println(prop);
}
private static void myStore() throws IOException {
Properties prop = new Properties();
prop.setProperty("itheima001","佟丽娅");
prop.setProperty("itheima002","赵丽颖");
prop.setProperty("itheima003","刘诗诗");
//void store(Writer writer, String comments):
FileWriter fw = new FileWriter("myOtherStream\\fw.txt");
prop.store(fw,null);
fw.close();
}
}
案例需求
在Properties文件中手动写上姓名和年龄,读取到集合中,将该数据封装成学生对象,写到本地文件
实现步骤
代码实现
学生类
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public class Student implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private String name;
private int age;
public Student() {
}
public Student(String name, int age) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String toString() {
return "Student{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", age=" + age +
'}';
}
}
测试类
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public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
//1.创建Properties集合,将本地文件中的数据加载到集合中
Properties prop = new Properties();
FileReader fr = new FileReader("prop.properties");
prop.load(fr);
fr.close();
//2.获取集合中的键值对数据,封装到学生对象中
String name = prop.getProperty("name");
int age = Integer.parseInt(prop.getProperty("age"));
Student s = new Student(name,age);
//3.创建序列化流对象,将学生对象序列化到本地文件中
ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("a.txt"));
oos.writeObject(s);
oos.close();
}
}